grammar: SQL SELECT end-to-end (ADR-0030 Phase 1)

The first cut of advanced-mode SQL: a `select` line in advanced
mode parses, runs against the database, and renders its rows
through the existing data-table renderer; the same line in
simple mode lights up the precise "this is SQL" hint instead of
running.

Walker mode gate (ADR-0030 §2)
------------------------------
- `WalkContext` gains a `mode: Mode` field; `Mode` derives
  `Default` (= `Simple`, matching the app's startup mode).
- `grammar::is_advanced_only` keys an advanced-only entry-word
  set (Phase 1: just `select`). When the walker matches an
  advanced-only entry word with `ctx.mode == Simple`, it
  short-circuits to a `WalkOutcome::ValidationFailed` carrying
  the `advanced_mode.sql_in_simple` catalog key — the input
  highlights as a keyword, the validity indicator goes ERROR,
  and the parse-error layer renders the "switch with `mode
  advanced`, or prefix the line with `:`" hint.
- `parser::parse_command_with_schema_in_mode` (and the
  schemaless `parse_command_in_mode`) threads the mode into
  `WalkContext`; existing `parse_command*` entry points default
  to `Mode::Advanced` (most permissive) so back-compat callers
  see the full grammar.
- `App::submit` is unified: both modes route through
  `dispatch_dsl(&effective_input, effective_mode)`, which now
  parses with the line's effective mode. The placeholder
  advanced-mode echo branch is gone.

Builder signature sweep (ADR-0031 §2)
-------------------------------------
- `CommandNode.ast_builder` gains a `source: &str` parameter,
  forwarded by the walker. `build_select` reads it to put the
  validated SQL text into `Command::Select`; the 21 existing
  builders accept it as `_source`.

SQL `SELECT` (ADR-0030 §6, ADR-0031)
-------------------------------------
- New `Command::Select { sql: String }` variant. Every
  exhaustive `match Command` updated (`verb`, `target_table`,
  `build_translate_context`, `execute_command_typed`,
  `typing_surface`'s label).
- `grammar::data::SELECT` `CommandNode`: projection (`*` or
  `expr [as alias]` list), optional `FROM <table>`, optional
  `WHERE`/`ORDER BY`/`LIMIT`, optional trailing `;`. The
  expression slots reference the ADR-0031 fragment through
  `Subgrammar(&sql_expr::SQL_OR_EXPR)`. The `FROM` table-name
  slot carries a `reject_internal_table` validator that
  refuses `__rdbms_*` references at parse time.
- The `FROM` clause is optional — `select 1`, `select upper('x')`
  (zero-table constant/function-call SELECTs) work alongside
  the single-table form. Standard SQL admits them and they are
  the canonical learner probe.
- Implicit projection aliasing (`select a x`) is deliberately
  unsupported — `from` is a keyword, the bare alias would be
  ambiguous; only `select a as x` is admitted.

Worker / runtime
----------------
- `Request::RunSelect { sql, source, reply }` + a new
  `Database::run_select` method. `do_run_select_request` runs
  the prepared statement, collects rows into a `DataResult`
  with `column_types: Vec<None>` (Phase-1 SELECT result columns
  carry no playground type per ADR-0030 §6), and appends the
  literal source line to `history.log` so replay re-runs it
  (ADR-0030 §11).
- `runtime::execute_command_typed` gains a `Command::Select`
  arm that calls `database.run_select(sql, src)` and maps to
  `CommandOutcome::Query`, which flows into the existing
  `AppEvent::DslDataSucceeded` → `render_data_table` path.

Catalog (ADR-0019)
------------------
- `advanced_mode.sql_in_simple` — the walker's gate message.
- `select.internal_table` — the `__rdbms_*` rejection.
- `parse.usage.select` — the parse-error usage template.

Tests
-----
Two `app::tests` cases that pinned the pre-ADR-0030 placeholder
echo are updated to pin the new dispatch contract — both verify
that the advanced-mode `select` (one persistent, one via the
`:` one-shot) produces `ExecuteDsl(Command::Select)` with the
submission's effective mode tagged on the echo. The matching
walking-skeleton test is updated likewise.

A separate follow-up commit lands the ambient mode-threading
(completion / live overlay / validity indicator) so simple-mode
users do not see SQL surfaced through Tab or the live error
overlay either — the dispatch-layer gate landed here is the
behavioural foundation that follow-up builds on. Integration
tests for the full end-to-end land in a third commit.

src/dsl/grammar/mod.rs

@@ -380,7 +380,13 @@ pub struct CommandNode {
     /// rejections that are easier to express imperatively than
     /// as a per-node validator (Phase A: none — every app
     /// command's ast_builder is infallible).
-    pub ast_builder: fn(&MatchedPath) -> Result<Command, ValidationError>,
+    ///
+    /// `source` is the full input line being parsed. Most builders
+    /// reconstruct the `Command` from the matched `MatchedPath`
+    /// alone and ignore it; SQL builders whose `Command` carries
+    /// the validated SQL text (ADR-0030 §4/§6, ADR-0031 §2) read
+    /// it.
+    pub ast_builder: fn(&MatchedPath, &str) -> Result<Command, ValidationError>,
     /// Catalog key (`help.<id>`) for this command's in-app
     /// `help` entry. Consumed by `App::note_help`, which
     /// iterates the REGISTRY and translates each `help_id` —
@@ -486,8 +492,30 @@ pub static REGISTRY: &[&CommandNode] = &[
     &data::DELETE,
     &data::REPLAY,
     &data::EXPLAIN,
+    &data::SELECT,
 ];
 
+/// Entry words for commands available only in advanced mode
+/// (ADR-0030 §2). Phase 1: `select`. In simple mode the walker
+/// gates these out — typing one yields the precise "this is SQL"
+/// hint rather than a normal parse or an "unknown command" error.
+///
+/// This is whole-command gating keyed on the entry word, which
+/// suffices while every SQL form is its own command. ADR-0030 §2's
+/// finer-grained per-`Choice`-branch tagging arrives with the
+/// shared DSL/SQL entry words (`create`, `insert`, …) in a later
+/// phase.
+const ADVANCED_ONLY_ENTRIES: &[&str] = &["select"];
+
+/// Whether `entry` names an advanced-mode-only command (ADR-0030
+/// §2). Case-insensitive, matching keyword-matching elsewhere.
+#[must_use]
+pub fn is_advanced_only(entry: &str) -> bool {
+    ADVANCED_ONLY_ENTRIES
+        .iter()
+        .any(|e| e.eq_ignore_ascii_case(entry))
+}
+
 /// Look up a `CommandNode` by entry word, case-insensitively.
 ///
 /// Used by the router to decide whether the walker owns this